The L3 Architecture

Horizen Chain is an OP Stack rollup that settles directly onto Base, which in turn settles onto Ethereum.

The Layered Model

Ethereum - Security & Final Settlement: The root of trust. Ethereum provides the cryptographic finality that everything above it inherits.

Base - Scalable Execution & Data Availability: Horizen's settlement surface. Transaction data and state commitments from Horizen are published directly to Base's native data-availability layer.

Horizen Chain - Capital Coordination & Execution: An EVM-compatible rollup using the OP Stack. Horizen inherits Base's scalability and sequencing infrastructure, with opt-in confidential execution available through Vela.

Vela - Confidential Coprocessor: An emerging confidential coprocessor by Horizen Labs that sits alongside Horizen Chain. Applications offload sensitive computation to TEE enclaves, receive cryptographically attested results back, and anchor those results on-chain.